Retinopathy refers to pathological changes in the retina under the influence of various factors, resulting in abnormal retinal function. The retina is a thin film on the inner surface of the eye that converts light into nerve signals and transmits them to the brain for visual perception. There are many types of retinopathy, the common ones include retinal detachment, macular degeneration, eye trauma, diabetic retinopathy, endophthalmitis, intrabulbar foreign body, congenital eye disease, etc.

Symptoms of retinopathy include vision loss, visual distortion, visual field defects, etc. Treatment methods vary depending on the type and extent of the lesion, including medication, surgery, laser therapy, etc. Among them, drug treatment mainly uses oral drugs or injected drugs to improve the blood circulation of the retina and promote the metabolism and repair of retinal cells. Surgical treatment is mainly used for severe diseases such as retinal detachment and macular degeneration, including vitrectomy, retinal reattachment, etc. Laser therapy is mainly used to treat diabetic retinopathy and other diseases. It uses laser irradiation to seal the diseased blood vessels and reduce exudation and bleeding.

Retinopathy is a general term for a group of diseases, some of which are genetically predisposed and others which are not. For example, retinal detachment, retinal oscillation, macular hole, retinopathy secondary to hypertension or diabetes, etc. These diseases usually do not have clear genetic phenomena. However, primary retinitis pigmentosa is a retinal disease with severe genetic predisposition, mainly inherited through autosomal recessive, dominant and X-linked recessive inheritance.

In addition, retinal degeneration is also a genetic disease, and its inheritance patterns include autosomal recessive, dominant and X-linked recessive inheritance. Common symptoms of the disease include night blindness, reduced visual field, osteocyte-like pigmentation of the fundus, and photoreceptor dysfunction.

Hereditary retinopathy is a degenerative disease of the retina caused by genetic mutations, of which retinitis pigmentosa is the most common. Mutations in more than 80 genes have been found to cause retinitis pigmentosa. The inheritance patterns of these diseases may include autosomal dominant inheritance, autosomal recessive inheritance, X-linked inheritance, and sporadic cases of uncertain inheritance pattern.

Accordingly, the retinopathy examination model emerged as a medical teaching tool for simulating and training retinopathy diagnosis skills. Our BIX-LV14 retinopathy examination model is equipped with replaceable lesion modules for fundus lesion examination and diagnostic training. Through repeated operations and practice, medical personnel can improve their ability to identify and treat fundus lesions. Our retinopathy examination model has realistic simulation effects, convenient teaching functions and a wide range of application scenarios, providing medical staff with a powerful assistant to jointly protect our visual health.